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A certificate that says "HPLC tested" sounds thorough, and it can be. But HPLC, MS and LC-MS each answer a different question, and it helps to know which question you're looking at.
High-performance liquid chromatography pushes a dissolved sample through a packed column. Different molecules travel at different speeds and come out at different times. A detector, usually ultraviolet light, records each one as a peak on a chart called a chromatogram.
Purity is calculated from that chart: the main peak's area as a share of all the peaks. If the main peak is 99% of the total, the sample is reported as 99% pure.
Showing how clean a sample is. Impurities left over from synthesis show up as separate peaks, so a high figure means they've been removed.
Confirming exactly which molecule the main peak is. That's what mass spectrometry is for, which is why the two are so often run together.
Mass spectrometry measures the mass of molecules. Every peptide has a known molecular weight, so a measured mass that matches the expected one is strong evidence the molecule is what the label says. This is identity.
Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry runs the separation first, then measures the mass of what comes off the column. Each peak gets a mass, so you learn that the main peak is the right molecule and get a fair idea what any minor peaks are, including dimers.
Purity is a ratio and identity is a yes or no. How many milligrams are in a vial is a separate figure, measured against a calibrated reference and reported as a mass.
Three questions, three answers
Is it clean (purity, by HPLC)? Is it the right molecule (identity, by mass spectrometry)? How much is there (quantity, in milligrams)? Knowing which figure answers which question makes any certificate quick to read.
Sterility, bacterial endotoxins, heavy metals and residual solvents are separate tests, run by different methods. A purity and identity result doesn't speak to them either way.
The certificates we supply come from Janoshik, an independent European laboratory that runs HPLC and mass spectrometry. Our own BPC-157 result is published in full on our testing page: 99.892% purity, with 5.71mg measured on a 5mg vial.
All products supplied by Zenic Labs are for laboratory research use only and are not for human or veterinary consumption. No health, dosing or therapeutic claims are made about any product we sell.
Also worth reading
Eight things you can check yourself before ordering from any UK peptide supplier, including us. Most take under a minute.
How white label and wholesale research peptides work in the UK: labels, documentation, traceability, margins and the questions to ask a supplier.
What a lot number on a peptide vial actually tells you, how to check one, and why it matters more than any certificate if something goes wrong.